4.3.1. Model Structure

This part of the model primarily relies on national data, including energy balances, fuel prices published annually by the Office of Utilities Regulation and the annual production figures for products like cement. Figure 6 highlights aspects of cement production, relevant to model the clinker-to-cement ratio reduction targeted by the LTS.

Models used on the cost and benefits analysis

Figure 6: Key elements represented in cement production.

Technologies

Table 5. Industry and IPPU Sector Technologies

Sector

Sub-sector

Technology

Description

Industry

Cement production

T5DSLINDCEM

Demand – Diesel for industrial cement

Industry

Cement production

T5GSLINDCEM

Demand – Gasoline for industrial cement

Industry

Cement production

T5NGSINDCEM

Demand – Natural gas for industrial cement

Industry

Cement production

T5ELEINDCEM

Demand – Electricity for industrial cement

Industry

Cement production

T5HYDINDCEM

Demand – Hydrogen for industrial cement

Industry

Cement production

T5COKINDCEM

Demand – Coke for industrial cement

Industry

Cement production

T5BIMINDCEM

Demand – Biomass for industrial cement

Industry

Cement production

T5COAINDCEM

Demand – Coal for industrial cement

Industry

Cement production

T5FOIINDCEM

Demand – Fuel oil for industrial cement

IPPU

Cement-production process

RAW_MAT_CLK

Supply of raw material for clinker

IPPU

Cement-production process

PROD_CLK_TRAD

Traditional clinker production

IPPU

Lime

LIME

Lime production

IPPU

HFCs

IMP_R32

Import of refrigerant R-32

IPPU

HFCs

T5R32IPPU

Demand – R-32 for industrial processes

Industry

Construction

T5DSLCON

Demand – Diesel for construction

Industry

Industry (cross-cutting)

CCS_FLO

Floating carbon-capture and storage