5.1.2. Cost and Benefit Data

Table 12 presents key data points and sources used in the evaluation of climate-smart agriculture (CSA). These data support the assessment of labor costs, benefits, and technical parameters associated with various CSA interventions, such as agroforestry, contour ditches, smart irrigation, and improved crop varieties. The values are derived from reputable national and international studies, with contextual adaptations

Table 12. Key Data Points and Sources for Climate-Smart Agriculture

Data point considered	Main source
Labor cost for installing hedgerow agroforestry systems on a share of cropland	Costs and Benefits of Climate-Smart Agriculture: The Case of the Dry Corridor in Guatemala — ScienceDirect
Annual maintenance cost for hedgerow agroforestry systems	Same as above
Labor cost for installing contour ditches on sloping cropland	Same as above
Annual maintenance cost for contour ditches	Same as above
Monetary value of soil-erosion avoided by contour ditches	ScienceDirect study (above); Land Resources Information Systems in the Caribbean; Jamaica Information Service factsheet on climate-smart farming
Economic benefit of hedgerow agroforestry products (e.g., fuelwood)	ScienceDirect study (above)
Labor cost for crop-rotation (maize/bean) practice on a portion of maize area	ScienceDirect study (above); Area Reaped 2014-2023 dataset
Biodiversity benefit from applying CSA practices on part of the cropland	ScienceDirect study (above)
Labor cost for conservation tillage with mulch on part of cropland	ScienceDirect study (above)
Value of soil-erosion avoided by conservation tillage	ScienceDirect study (above)
Aggregate yield increase attributed to CSA practices on a share of cropland	UN Trade Map (export values)
Labor cost for adopting pest-/disease-tolerant crop varieties on part of cropland	ScienceDirect study (above)
Savings from reduced pesticide use with tolerant varieties	ScienceDirect study (above)
Labor cost for adopting heat-/stress-tolerant crop varieties on part of cropland	ScienceDirect study (above)
Capital cost for installing drip irrigation on additional irrigated area	World Bank data on irrigated land (Jamaica); UNEP DTU policy brief; MOAF quarterly report
Capital cost for installing sprinkler irrigation on the same target area	UNEP DTU policy brief
Annual labor cost for maintaining new irrigation systems	ScienceDirect study (above)
Yield (and export) increase expected from smart-irrigation expansion	Jamaica Information Service; ScienceDirect; FAO AQUASTAT; Assessment of Land-Use Change in Jamaica 2021
Substitution of maize with cassava in animal feed (share of current demand)	Articles from SciELO, Food Security, and studies on maize/cassava trends in Jamaica